Device and procedure for utilizing solar energy mainly for protection against cyclones, tornados, hails etc.

ABSTRACT

Method and apparatus for the utilization of solar energy with collecting units that are located in geostatic orbits. The collecting units include collecting mirrors coupled to navigation units, protecting mirrors and concentrating mirrors. Mirror arrays are provided in the collecting units, the separate members of the arrays being computer controlled to concentrate solar energy toward the earth. The solar energy thus concentrated can be directed toward atmospheric disturbances to disperse them, or it can be used for the production of steam and/or electrical energy.

Subject of the invention is a device for utilizing solar energy withcollecting-radiating units located on geostatics orbit as well as aprocedure for precluding from and/or alleviating of atmosphericalformations i.e. tropical cyclones, tornados, monsoons causing floodingand hail.

One basic advantage of the utilization of the solar energy is that itutilizes energy free of charge and at the same time the environment isnot polluted. After the oil price boom during the seventies appeared theidea of establishing devices utilizing solar energy and stationing ongeosynchronized orbit around the Earth. According to one envisage ribbonmirrors would be placed on geo-synchronized orbit and these focus thesolar radiation to the generating electrical energy with energytransforming devices which transform the electrical current to microwave form and radiate to Earth. This solution has been abounded becauseof the difficulties of the implementation.

According to an other solution solar cells with huge surfaces would bedeployed on the geo-synchronized orbit and there credating electricalcurrent generating plantation where the electrical energy is transformedinto micro wave form and it is radiated to the receivers on Earth. Basicdisadvantage of this solution is that the silicon solar cells areexpensive and its efficiency is very low bacause of the energytransformation with more stages as well as the diffraction of microwaves.

Solar cells are used in practice for generating electrical currentrequeseted to the ooperation of different satellites and devices in hugequantity moving on different geostatic orbit and course around theEarth. Silicon crystals or one unit crystal made of gallium arsenide orpoly crystals are used for solar cells, and the blanks made of them arecoated by translucent resistant film which protect them against theimpact of the powder like micro meteorites.

The solar cells introduced above have especially high level importancein providing electrical current for the satellites on geostatic orbitbecause these devices mainly used for program broadcasting,telecommunication (as well as for military mission) have very extendedlife time period. Basic condition for this long life period functioningis the continuous energy supply which is provided by solar cells.

Despite of the fact that in the part of space out side of the atmospheresolar energy is available without limitation according to time andlocation as coordinates and this solar energy, with the intensity of 1.3kW/square meter, is not influenced as it is in the case of solar energyradiated to the Earth and influenced by clouds in the atmosphere and theabsorbing ability of the atmosphere this beneficial energy source isutilized on a very low level (as it was introduced before) todayaccording to the present stage of the technical development.

Starting from that recognition that the solar energy collected by largescale mirror system located on a geostatic orbit because of theconcentration ability of the sunbeams can be transferred to the receptoron the Earth with concentrated beam with low level of loss and withoutany polluting of the environment further the accurate setting up of themirror system mentioned above can be established using the navigationsystems developed for the satellite technology and because of this thesedevices are used for energy generation and/or for defense againstatmospheric formation causing catastrophes.

The move of mirrors with large surface made of metallic or plasticpanels with proper tensile and mirrored on one side of the surface aswell as film elements with mirroring surface stretched on frame made ofnavigation and other type of structural elements is made by hydraulic ormechanic move mechanism launched on the geostatic orbit.

Computer with high power and controlling equipment coupled withnavigation equipment radiating and absorbing laser and micro wave beamsset up separately and in the proper distances from the mirror groupsaccording to the appropriate coordinates as well on the Earth surfaceare used for the direction setting of the mirror system.

The direction setting and position fixing is made by rackets andauxiliary rackets mounted on the proper points of the mirror groupspreferable on their holding structures' outermost surfaces. In properway planed and implemented rackets (i.e. photon rackets) with long lifeoperating period can be used as rackets and auxiliary rackets.

Beside the energy generating opportunity in the cosmos has not been usedon the proper level for the time being as unsolved problem of thesciences and practice has remained the prevention and averting thenatural catastrophes rising in the atmosphere, notwithstanding themeteorolgical researches explore the laws of natural phenomenon causingcatastrophe on extending way and they make possible forecast on acertain level. The prevention and averting of this type of catastropheas tropical tornados, cyclones etc are completely unsolved tasks.

Averting of hail is the only field where practical results are known.Two solutions are used to avert these. One solution is to block thegrowing of ice embryos with enforced coring. According to the othersolution providing frosting cores in appropriate quantity on the rightlevel of the appropriate storm cloud in proper time to create moreembryos which increase the number of ice pieces and remove the cloud'swater contain.

Starting point of the first solution is that ebryo stage is that phasewhere there is opportunity to influence because later during the hailformulation process when it pass the phase of embryo formulating and icepieces having been created ready for dropping out than the chance forintervention is very low. Mainly the embryo stage raises made of "clean"over cooled water cloud. If this area containing soft ice pieces withconical shape can be deformed to cloud with mixed substance than thereis chance that instead of soft ice particles huge swnow flacks are goingto be developed. Low "collecting efficiency" and slow dropping speed ofthem supports their ascending in the steaming up as well as their comingup into the anvil. High coring speed is requested for this because icecrystals with proper dimension and with adequate number are necessaryalready on the 10 degree Celsius in the upside direction pipe of thehail cloud. Many snow flacks are developing in the same time whichremove the water contain of the cloud on very effective way.

Calculations must be done for the estimation of the coring speed basedon the grwoing speed of the ice crystals to compute the quantity of 1cubic km of silver iodine. This requests the detailed thorough analysisof the storm cloud before the coring and it requests the direct supplyof the effective substance into the active part of the cloud. It isachieved with the help of the "meso meteorolical" system mounted on thedeck of an air plane. The coring with air plane is made directly underthe upstream zone by the cloud's basement. It needs a very well definedupstream zone where the supply of air can be measured and which duringits total life time should be thickened. Coring is more effective onhigher temperature where the artifical embryos are developing andbecause of this by the calculation of the coring speed the decreasing ofAgI efficiency. The half globe shaped "babble" of the increasing hailcloud can be extended up to the 2 kms in diameter during the penetrationinto the topauze and because of this more air planes implementing thecoring must be deployed on the fields of upside streaming.

The essence of the second solution is as follows: removing of the waterwith the help of the hail's particles. This solution is coupled onstronger way the description of processes inside of the cloud and to theopportunity of the coring substances' direct penetration.

Role of the coring substance is not impeded on the ice crystals'creation but these should freeze out mainly those water drops which arelarge enough for launching the grow of new ice embryos. This task issolved after a survey with the support of radar with launching a racketor missile filled with AgI and drive it with using the radar to thedirection of the raising zone of the hail.

Diffuse abilities of the particles are utilized by the preventive actionwith soil generators. It is very important to select those positions bythis solution which allow to make artificial modification on technicalway. Soil generator networks have been set up in some endangered areasto increase the efficiency.

Presently known methods for protection against hail have those cut backsbeside their very high cost level that coherent networks have to be setup on the very extended agricultural and other type areas wanted to beprotected which can not be afforded by many countries bacause theirfinancial situation and it is not solved on technical side as well.

Any of the solution among the protecting methods dos not have 100%safety level. The reason for this is, if the hail cell forms itself onrelatively quick way in this situation in the case of protection withair plane when the endangered area is in larger distance from the airbase or the area is out of the range of the hail averting rackets orsoil generators they are not able to stop raising of the hail or ensuingthe damages.

AgI used lower (not proper) quantity for coring than it is necessarycould cause--in reduced scale at least--forming of hail.

Not proper establishment of the direction of streams and intensity orthe absence of adjustment to modification having happened meanwhile haveimpact on the result of protection.

My object is with this present invention to elaborate procedure anddevice which assure the economical utilization of the solar energy forpreventing from as well as averting of natural catastrophes originatedfrom the atmosphere.

I solved the task set up with device which is provided withcollecting-radiating concentrating units located on geostatics orbit andwith receiving units on the Earth. According to the invention thecollecting-radiating units consist of collection mirror coupled tonavigation units projecting mirror concentrating mirror and receivingunits on the Earth contains caved heat receptors and energy generatingunits.

Collection mirrors and concentrating mirrors are made of mirror segmentsmovable separately per each and the navigation units are coupled to thecontrol centre on the Earth.

The receiving mirror on the Earth is favourable a caved heat receptorwith conical shape and its inside surface is covered with pipe network.There is favourable liquid natrium circulated as heat transferringsubstance in the pipe network. The pipe network is coupled to a heatexchanger and energy generating unit consists of turbines as wellgenerators.

Procedure according to the invention for precluding from and/oralleviating of atmospherical formations i.e. tropical cyclones,tornados, monsoons causing flooding and hail contains that type of stepsthat the collecting-radiating units located on geostatics orbit collectsolar energy concentrate it than heat energy is transferred byconcentrated beams to the direction of the formation and with thisaction the stability of the formation is going to be terminated and withthis their dilution can be achieved.

Further details of the invention are shown on examples accomplished withsupport of drawing.

FIG. 1 shows the schematic drawing according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is the drawing of the collecting-concentrating-radiatating unit,

FIG. 3 is the design of the receiving unit on the Earth,

FIG. 4 shows one part in cross section of the caved equipment of thereceiving unit on the Earth,

FIG. 5 shows the first stage of the erecting tropical cyclone,

FIG. 6 shows the second stage of the erecting tropical cyclone,

FIG. 7 shows the third stage of the erecting tropical cyclone,

FIG. 8 shows the fourth stage of the erecting tropical cyclone,

FIG. 9 shows the radiation of the erecting tropical cyclone with heatbeam

FIG. 10 shows the dilution of the cyclone because of radiating it withheat beam,

FIG. 11 shows the double streaming system of the tornado,

FIG. 12 shows the radiation of stratum's formation before the erectingof tornado,

FIG. 13 shows the radiation of the tornado's out side whirl and of thestorm cell containing the tornado,

FIG. 14 shows the streaming conditions of the clouds' layers raised onthe base of radiation with heat energy belonging to the moisturetrade-winds on the Pacific having caused floods,

FIG. 15 shows the horizontal spreading of cloud layers radiated by heatbeams,

FIG. 16 shows the second phase of the horizontal spreading,

FIG. 17 shows a Cb cloud containing a hail cell,

FIG. 18 shows the radiation with heat beam of the hail cell,

FIG. 19 shows the diluting clouds because of the radiation.

The sketch of the device according to the invention can be seen on theFIG. 1. Collecting-radiating units 1 are located on the geostatic orbitaround the Earth F. Sun beams are coming from the direction marked witharrows and because of this the collecting-radiating units 1 are orientedto this direction. Receiving units 2 on the Earth are on the surface ofthe Earth F where to the radiation arrives in concentrated form thecollecting radiating units 1. Mirror groups are oriented in the mostfavourable direction always and they can gather the radiation with theirbiggest surface and to transfer it on the optimal angle direction.

The sketch of the collecting-radiating unit 1 is shown on FIG. 2.Located on the left side of the Figure collecting mirror receives thesun radiation marked with arrow and transfers it on concentrated way toprojecting mirror 4 where from the beam goes further to concentratingmirrors 5. It goes from here on focused way to the receiving unit on theEarth.

The collecting-radiating unit 1 is provided with navigation unit 6.These make possible to orient in proper way the unit's mirrors namelythe following of the sun and the focused radiation to the Earth.

It can be seen on the drawing as well that the collecting mirror 3 theconcentrating mirror 5 are constructed of mirror segments 7 and thesemirror segments 7 are separately movable as well as their synchronizedmovement can be established.

On FIG. 3 are shown the embodiment of caved heat receptor 8 of thereceiving unit 1 on the Earth in which arrive the concentrated beams.Caved heat receptor 8 is shaped conical and its inside pipe network 9shown on FIG. 9 is furnished.

The caved heat receiver 8 is coupled to a heat exchanger (because ofsimplicity it is not shown on the Figure). In pipe network 9 there isfavourable liquid natrium as heat transferring substance and the natriumheated by the incident energy is driven into a heat exchanger wheresteam is created with it which steam in the energy generating unitsdrives turbines and generators and produces electricity.

Beside producing electricity the device according to the invention canbe used for precluding from and/or alleviating of meteorologicalformations i.e. tropical cyclones, tornados, monsoons causing floodingand hail as well as for making dilution of the developed formations.

Tropical cyclones carry formations of the atmospherical movement systemas the most devastating storms of the world. For these formationsdeveloping above the warm oceanic areas is characteristic the very lowsurface pressure minimum, very rough winds and cloud-burst like rain.Their central core is the "eye" of the storm in which the winds are weakand the clouds are small comparatively. Developing process contain moresteps. In the first phase the energy system built up from discrete stormcentimes and not from continuous one and that quantity of energy surplusis piled up which is enough to achieve the layer of free convention.Their embryos develop from the convective cells having raised near theline of the tropical together-streaming zone. Energy with high levellability is compiled in the zone's of changing windsw during the calmperiod. The weather conditions are uncertain, there are clouds and somesmall rains casually but the average wind speed is low and the sea-levelpressure is slowly decreasing. One push launches the up current afterlong waiting and the process of convection departs.

There are four stages of the tropical cyclone's development. First stagecan be seen on the FIG. 5 when a weak, low pressure formation appears onthe sea-level and cumulonimbus towers are developing and the temperatureincreases slowly inside of the vertical pillars up to the troposphere.Isobar surfaces unwrap in the upper layers and air commences to cast inthe upper troposphere while near the soil surface commences the influxof the warm air with high moisture contain.

The second stage is shown on FIG. 6. Here in the below layer fosters thecyclonic circulation of the influxing air and continuous cyclonic whirldevelops up to the middle of the upper troposphere. Meanwhile a lowpressure core develops as well which is surrounded by a high pressurering. The air flows at first to radial direction than turning to righton anti cyclonic way out. Temperature increases more and more in theconvective zone and the upside arms of spreading are extended alongbigger and bigger arches because of the cyclonic circulation while downside direction current commences in the upper part.

In the third stage (FIG. 7.) the current becomes more ordered: influxingair below comes with higher and higher tangent speed from furtherdistance. Menawhile the centre core is getting more wider in which thedown side air movement comes lower. In the same time divergency extendsto the area above the core in the troposphere turbulent mass exchangecommences between the air of the developed eye and the air of thecloud's wall around it.

Fourth stage of the cyclone development is shown on FIG. 8 when thevertical mass circulation to this connecting latent heat delivering aswell the kinetic energy creating gets equilibrium and the temporaryequilibrium of total energy and impulse momentum balance is created.Development of the tropical cyclones has two important conditions. Onecondition is that the wind speed difference between the wind prevailingin sufrace layers and in the upper part of the troposphere's layer inthe height of 14 km must not be larger than 7 m per sec. The othercondition is that in the middle of the system that type of core shoulddevelop which is warmer than its surrounding up to 10-12 km height.

Most characteristic of the tropical cyclone is that they have theircyclonic circulation influx layer below and an extending layer in theheight where the out streaming air extends the Cirus chevelure in theshape of a fan. There is an external shearing line between the cyclone'smovement system and the surrounding area's air which forms border zoneas well and here one portion of the air streaming out from upsideturning down side returns into the cyclone streaming system. The insiderainfall zone is the mixture of the most intensive rainfall and wind.There are tropical cyclones containing one and two rainfall zones.

Procedure according to the invention derives from that recognition thatthe disruption of the tropical cyclone's equilibrium conducts to thedilution of the cyclone. Basic condition for keeping equlibriumnecessary to convention is that air influxing from the down sidedirection should be warm and have moisture enough while above thetropical cyclone cold "core" should be placed and the air surroundingthe spreading (arms) should be at low temperature.

The natural dilution of the tropical cyclone is made by the coldsurfrace of the ocean certainly (where the cyclone comes during itsmovement) with the disruption of the equilibrium and on the same way thedilution of cyclone can be triggered on artifical way if the air iswarmed up in the Cirrus shield and Cirrus arms.

Sun beams concentrated and collected by large surface mirror systems andgenerated by them heat energy equivalent with more thousand MW energy isradiated to the surface of the Cirrus shield and Cirrus arms andimpeding with it the convention and the temperature decreasing of theupstream of air containing moisture enough and the tropical cyclon'sequilibrium is diluted. Because of the continuous heat transfer the airdown side stream stops on the edges of the cyclone and with this theinflux level for the supply of air mass decreases heavily. In the sametime the warmed up cloud is forced to expand upwards and because of thisthe structure of the tropical cyclone stretching in the upward directionand it occupies a level in height where the wind speed difference issignificantly larger between the paradus air mass and the influx levelas 7 m per sec. The stretched cyclone cell disturbed heavily in itsconvection and down side stream and it is weakened and the side wind(wind shearing) destroys the cyclone cell and it leads to the totaldilution of the tropical cyclone (FIG. 9.)

With this interference not only the totally developed tropical cyclone'sdilution can be caused but in the stage of the raising protection can bemade with good result.

In the second stage the air above the uppper ring expanding the socalled cold ring can not be built up because of the warming withconcentrated heat beam the upper cloud mass expanding and in the upperpart of the core the down side stream does not commence.

In the third stage the dilution happens in such a way that because ofwarming the surrounding of the centre core with concentrated heat beamsthe down side stream is stopped inside of the core. Pressure around thecore does not decrease with increasing the temperature of thesurrounding air there is no turbulent mass exchange between the air ofthe eye and the air with high level of moisture belonging to the cloud'swall so there is no chance to form equilibrium the established structureelements are spoiled and the tropical cyclone before it is developedperfectly and it gets its final form it dilutes.

In the whirlwind class tornado means the biggest and most destroyingformation what mainly in the area of the Mississippi is very frequent.This formation is mainly with vertical axel and it is comparatively bigformation mainly with funnelling form and destroying power. Partialvacuum is created in the middle of them by the centrifugal forceimpacting on the quick spiral stream. If the low end of the whirlwindtouches the Earth's surface its track of destroy is about 10-15 m wideat least or in the case of a tornado it can be one and the halfkilometre wide as well.

Tornado is formed via more characteristic shapes. Before appearing itsfirst form dark storm cloud with green yellow colours covers the sky thewether is stormy and maybe some hail can be recognised. The lower partof the clouds has "mamma" character than dark bulging appear on it whichconverge to one direction and in one point they unify and the air sackis developed which forms gradually funnel than it is shaped as a trunk.When the funnel riches the "Earth" bush made of dust and rubbish appearsthan the low part of the funnel the very characteristic hour-glassappears. In the same time with this from the near distance locomotivelike noise and from larger distance murmur can be heard. With itsgetting strong further with bulging its upper part it shapes like achalice. In this time an invisible cloak spiralling downward appearsaround the funnel spiralling upwards which downward spiral surrounds thewidening upper part of the funnel (FIG. 11).

Moving speed of the raising tornado is about 6-30 m per sec. when thespiral movement in the wall of the funnel in horizontal direction is20-100 m per sec. and the vertical component is 20-80 m per sec. Theirappearing place is the valley of the Mississippi and beside this another frequent appearing place is the south part of Australia but duringthe summer period they could be found everywhere except the tropicalzone.

They raise in such away that above warm and moisture air layer there areweak inversion than dry adiabatic stratification with instable cold anydry layer are located. Because the two types of air layers are seperatedby weak inversion nothing happens here at the beginning. But in thatcase if the inversion is broken through from any reason explosion likeupstream comes. It can happen on two ways. According to one variationwaving starts because of horizontal wind sharing along the super cell'spseudo cold fron braking advance from an approaching cold front and thisresults formations of snapping off whirls. If one snapping off whirlwith vertical axel is drifted into that area where the stratification ofthe two air mass is located above each others than this results theraising of tornado.

According to the other variation if any where along the frontal windsharing intensive upstream starts from any reason opposite current aresucked inside and with this approach each other and on this base a whirlis created with vertical axel. The wall of the whirl closes on dynamicalway because of the centrifugal forth new air can come in into the flueonly from the lower end. The revolving speed of this air moving spiralway from the outside wall of the whirl from and coming in from outsideupside to downward is increased enormously to keep the impulse momentum.

During defense against the tornado according to the invention thetransforming storm cells to tornado are located with heat beamscollected and concentrated by the mirror system located on geostaticorbit around the Earth and with meteorological radar equipment and theheat beams collected and concentrated by the mirror system located ongeostatic orbit are directed by the navigation system deployed in thespace and on the Earth to the cloud's stratification of the Storm'scentre and they are warmed up significantly and their dilution can becaused (FIG. 12). In the case of developed tornado with radiating thecentre stratification of the tornado further the cloud mass on thefields of down stream impeding the cooling down and downward streamingof the air mass the speed of influxing air is decreasing rapidly.Equilibrium of tornado having been disrupted with this action and it cancause the dilution of clouds' mass and attenuation of the tornado can becaused as well.

Monsoons are regular seasonal wind changes in the area of the Arabic Seeand Indian Ocean. Phenomena's core point is that the two trade-windbands following the sun's path make periodical movement but which iscomparatively low in the area of the ocean and which is comparativelybig if in the neighbourhood of the Equator extended land with largesurface is located. The reason for this is that trade-wind zone warmingup better above the land follows the path of the sun on better way thanabove the oceans and because of this it advances further on the summerhalf of the globe. Sufficient rains being together with summer monsoonsprovide the water qauantity requested to growing plantation and becauseof this they play important role in providing rain on enormous areas.But there are because of this extraordinary cases when the monsoon rainsprovide water in excess quantity as usual and their high intensity iscoupled to high quantity of rain which rain quantity having dropped oncertain area cases serious flooding and overflowing areas with highdensity population they incite disasters destroy the agriculturalproduction of giant regions.

On FIGS. 14, 15 and 16 it is shown that how conceives the ascendingenforced clouds' stratification of the moisture ocean trade-windscausing flooding radiated with heat beams the streaming conditions.

Procedure and device according to the invention start on the base ofthat recognition that monsoons delivering warm ocean air meet with astrong stationer front delivering cold air (China valley) or withcomparatively dry upside tropospheric current to East direction(West-Africa) or hitting high mountains (West Ghats, Khas Montain andlines of the Himalaya, Indian peninsula) they are forced to ascend andit means very fruitful drop of rainfall.

When the rainfall volume is so high that it conducts to nature disasterthan the cooling down of the air mass of the trade-wind forced to warmup and delivering rich rainfall are imposed with warming them up thatthe cloud stratification extends to vertical direction and the moisturecontained by them and they distribute and drop it proportionate onlarger region.

This interference is made on such a way that heat beams collected andconcentrated by the mirror system located on geostatic orbit aredirected to the clouds of storm cells identified previously containingair mass rich in rainfall originated from oceanic area above the zoneendangered by disasters and they are warmed by with this their coolingdown and their extension above the endangered area is prevented fromoverflowing.

During summer period (when hail is frequent) sun beams warm upsignificantly the surface of the soil especially there where the heatabsorbtion ability is high. Overheated air mass being in instableequilibrium because of heat transferring on the soil in form of bubbledeparts from the surface of the soil. When the air bubble comes underlower pressure and extended on this way its temperature decreases to thepoint that it is not able to deliver its water contain in the form ofvapour condensation commences and the bubble can be seen in the form ofcloud brush. It can be seen in the case of towering cumulus that thehuge bubble is composted by many smaller bubbles.

Surrounding air drifts from bigger distance into the upward streamchannel of the Cumulus and with increasing of the upward stream thecumulus is getting higher and higher and storm cell is formed.

Condensation has a very important role in creation of rainfall.Condensation always happens on aerosol particles so called condensationcores in the atmosphere. There are ammonium-sulphate cores dissolavingin water and solid ones not dissolvable and mixture of these so calledmixed cores. These condensing embryos are able to grow namely they aregetting active in clouds overheated and more and more cooled and theyform cloud drops.

Rainfall is created from the cloud elements only if drops are formedwith the extension of measurement which dropping speed is enough toovercome the upward direction movements.

Falling rain drops cause the dilution of the storm cloud because thedownward stream caused by them occupies larger and larger area and thesupply of air is ceased.

Hail clouds are formed of storm clouds and different characteristics areshown during their development. In the surrounding of the cloud's baseand peak, if the wind's speed is very different, at the edges of thecloud that type of hydrodynamical pressure distribution is developedthat which creates very intensive additional upward stream on onedecided side of the cloud and it creates downward stream on the otherside. The wind pressure bents the axel of the upward stream channel onthis way and the downward current commencing with dropping out of therainfall does not develop inside of the upward current's channel but outside of it.

Channels of upward and downward current come near each other and apermanent circulation process is built up where the particular cloudelements travels many times on the way between the basement and the topof the cloud meanwhile they are growing continuously and breaded to hugesnow flakes they leaves the basement of the cloud.

Cold air arriving from the cell in vertical direction to the soilsurface is spreading in horizontal direction and it lifts the instablewarm air containing high level of moisture near the storm cloud and itgives impulse enough to develop a new storm and making the process withthis to be self-preserving.

The downward current does not weak the upward current in the hail cellformed gradually from the storm cell because it is located out side ofthe upward stream pipe and on the out side of the increasing Cb cloud acollar like form edge appears which mixes itself to the other parts ofthe cloud removing from the water ballast and making with it moreeffective the supply mechanism and it leads to strengthening the cell.

During the process the removed particles get in again into the upwardcurrent and they play on lower layers in creating ice embryos.

Second phase of hail's life cycle is followed by the cloud's icing whenthe created ice eye type is characterised as ice layer with thick skinmixed with air bubbles.

With increasing wide of the upward pipe and with decreasing speed of theinfluxing air down side it conducts to get weaker the ice making forcesand ice dropping out is stopping bit-by-bit and the hail cell diesgradually.

Atmospheric ice crystals develop on two ways; once on steam depositionon other hand by freezing of over cooled water drops when the particlecausing the freezing has got into the water drop during the condensingprocess. Both by the deposition and by the freezing so called iceembryos develop at first.

According to technical literature there is hail when ice particlesdeveloped in the cloud reach soil without melting.

Procedure and device applying for averting hail according to theinvention starts on the base of that recognition that upward current inthe hail cell and the supply of air on the place of the removed onehappens at the base of the cloud. This influx is feeded by the influxbeing on out side of the Cb. At the end the assuring of thisuninterrupted and continuous downward current makes it possible toascent the air in the upward current pipe higher and to develop thatlevel of upward current speed which causes of the developing of ice eyeswith large measurement during the development of rainfall ice whichcauses ice damages in the form of hail.

The downward current does not weaken the upward current because it islocated out of the upward current pipe further from it, namely it can beseen on the out side of the Cb (where the edge similar to the collarappears which is extended some times for the all cloud) and withblocking or decreasing heavily the downward current the hail cell'sequilibrium position is changed and it is transformed to storm cell.

This enterference is done in such a way that sun beams collected andconcentrated by mirror system located on geostatic orbit are focused onthe cloud of downward current zone on the out side of the Cb containinghail which was identified and measured by instruments previously andwarming up there the air mass rich in moisture and block partly orcompletely their downward current the influx is weakened on such levelat the basement of the cloud that because of the intensity of the upwardcurrent decreases significantly (and the quantity of the upwardstreaming air) and because of this ice eyes with small dimension candevelop which melt in the air with positive temperature prior gettingthe soil.

With that aim to impede to growing and dropping out irregular ice pieceshaving developed in the "older" hail sunheat beams collected andconcentrated and focused by mirror system located on geostatic orbitsweeping the surface of the storm cell's upward current pipe and on thetop of it the surface of the "anvil" ice pieces (ice eyes) are meltedand after they are big enough for over running the lifting power dropout of the water is caused in the form of rain.

These large water drops are not able to freeze once more after weakeningthe upward current they falling speed is increased and they get throughquickly on the air layer with low temperature.

Protection against the hail with procedure and device according to theinvention is quick safe and it does not request extra cost because themirror system located in the space with more objects any time dependingon the geographical location of the endangered area independent on thecountries' border can be utilizied.

I claim:
 1. A device for the utilization of solar energy, comprising atleast one collector disposed in a geostatic orbit, the collectorcomprising a collecting mirror, a projecting mirror and a concentratingmirror, and navigation means for continuously positioning the mirrorssuch that sunlight received by at least one of the mirrors is reflectedto at least one other of the mirrors and is sent toward the earth in theform of a convergent beam.
 2. A device as claimed in claim 1, whereinone said mirror receives sunlight and directs it to a second of saidmirrors which in turn directs it to a third of said mirrors, said thirdmirror directing a convergent beam toward the earth.
 3. A device asclaimed in claim 1, wherein two of said mirrors receive sunlight anddirect it toward a third of said mirrors, which third mirror directssunlight in a convergent beam toward the earth.
 4. A device as claimedin claim 1, wherein two of said mirrors receive sunlight, one of saidmirrors directing said sunlight toward a mirror which in turn directssunlight toward the other of said two mirrors which in turn directssunlight toward a fourth mirror which then directs a converging beam ofsunlight toward the earth.
 5. A device as claimed in claim 1, whereintwo of said mirrors receive sunlight and direct said sunlight towardthird and fourth mirrors which in turn direct sunlight to a fifthmirror, which fifth mirror directs a convergent beam of sunlight towardthe earth.
 6. A device as claimed in claim 1, further including concaveheat receptors for said sunlight on earth and means heated by said heatreceptors to generate energy.
 7. A device as claimed in claim 6, whereinsaid concave receptors are conical and are lined with piping in whichcirculates a heat exchange fluid.
 8. A device as claimed in claim 7,wherein said fluid is liquid sodium.
 9. A device as claimed in claim 1,wherein at least two of said mirrors are each comprised by a pluralityof individual mirror units separately controlled to direct sunlight suchthat the sun light leaving the last of said mirrors is directed in aconvergent beam toward the earth.
 10. A process for dissipating storms,comprising disposing at least one mirror system in a geostatic orbit,said mirror system comprising a plurality of mirrors at least one ofwhich comprises an array of individual mirror units computer controlledsuch that sunlight reflected from one of said mirrors toward another ofsaid mirrors and thence toward the earth will be directed toward theearth in a convergent beam, and applying said convergent beam to a saidstorm to dissipate the storm.